The Philodendron plants have become immensely popular because of their low maintenance and fascinating foliage. There are hundreds of species of these green beauties, and they are one of the most-loved indoor houseplants grown.
As a result, a wide variety is available, from the most common greens to the rarest, mesmerizing ones.
One of the rare plants that has grown in demand on the market is the Philodendron rugosum plant, commonly known as the Pigskin Philodendron. Learn more about this very peculiar yet ravishing plant below.
Philodendron Rugosum Profile
General Information
Philodendron rugosum is a rare philodendron that originates from the lush rainforests of Ecuador. This tropical plant was reported to grow in the elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet at the Andes Mountain. It belongs to the Araceae family with a hemiepiphyte life cycle.
The ravishing Philodendron is commonly called the Pigskin Philodendron due to its leaves’ peculiar texture and shape. The leaves are thick and leathery and have a hide-like, wrinkly texture, making them look like pig ears. Hence, the common name Pigskin.
The rare plant was first described only in 1983, but since its growing commercial importance, it has been reported to be near endangered in the wild.
Etymology
The name “philodendron” comes from the Greek words “philo”, meaning “love” and “affection”, and “dendron,” meaning tree. So the Philodendron is loosely translated as “tree huggers” with these meanings. This is because they are often seen in the wild as tree climbers.
The species name “rugosum” comes from the Italian word “ruga” which means wrinkled. This is due to the unique texture of its foliage.
Flowering
The Philodendron rugosum produces an inflorescence called a spadix, consisting of a leaf-like spathe and an anthurium-like spadix. The flowering season of the Pigskin Philodendron dramatically depends on the location and the environmental conditions.
Season Of Interest And Purchasing
Philodendrons grow actively during the spring and summer seasons. Therefore, it is during these seasons that they are best purchased. Commercially, they are available worldwide.
Growth
Pigskin Philodendron grows quickly if given the right growing conditions, such as temperature and humidity. These plants can grow up to six to fifteen feet tall, and their leaves can grow over 8 inches long.
Rugosum is a climber, so its growth pattern is upward rather than along the surface. Therefore, a moss or coir pole is recommended to be given to this plant to grow on.
RELATED: Philodendron White Princess: The Complete Care, Propagation, and Watering Guide You Need
Philodendron Rugosum Overview
| Scientific name | Philodendron rugosum |
| Common name/s | Rugosum, Pigskin Philodendron, Naugahyde Philodendron, Sow’s Ear Plant |
| Family | Araceae |
| Growth Habit | Herbaceous, Vine |
| Height and Spread | 6-15 feet in height, and 8 inches in leaf length |
| Classification based on life cycle | Perennial |
| Origin and Distribution | Originated from Ecuador |
| Climate Zone | Generally mild climate |
| USDA Plant Hardiness Zone | USDA Zone 10-11 |
| Color | Evergreen leathery leaves with hide-like texture |
Care Tips
Light Requirement
The Pigskin Philodendron loves partial sun and dappled shade. However, this plant also prefers bright indirect light. This type of light makes your foliage more healthy and vibrant.
When indoors, the light requirement of this plant is best met when placed in an eastern facing window to receive adequate light throughout the entire day. As always, may it be indoors or outdoors, avoid direct sunlight as it burns the plant’s foliage. Intense sunlight is a no-no for Philodendrons.
Too little light also induces stunted growth in your Philodendron rugosum.
Temperature Requirement
Since Rugosum is a tropical plant, it prefers warmer climates and does not do well in cold temperatures. It will have frost damage when put in a low-temperature environment for a very long time. The ideal temperature range of this plant is from 55 to 90 degrees Fahrenheit.
Do not exceed this temperature, or your plant will get burnt.
Water Requirement
The watering requirement of Rugosum differs from other Philodendrons. The pigskin Philodendron loves having moist soil at all times. So you don’t let the top couple of inches of soil dry out completely to keep this plant alive and thriving.
However, you always ensure that perfect watering balance between having moist and overwatered soil. The pigskin philodendron does not like to be overwatered. Plus, overwatering causes root rot in plants. To ensure that it is adequately watered, use bottom watering by soaking the pot in water instead of watering from the top.
Once a week watering is enough for these plants. However, it depends on your location, so make sure to observe and tweak accordingly. Increase the watering to 2-3 times a week in summer and spring.
Humidity Requirement
Philodendrons are remarkably resilient in terms of humidity and can withstand the normal humidity level. However, by increasing the humidity, the plant will be encouraged to grow bigger leaves. To keep them healthy and growing, maintain a 60% or above level.
However, maintaining high humidity throughout your home is tough. Therefore, a good misting now and then is recommended. The use of a humidifier will also help achieve the desired moisture level. Ensure to replicate its tropical rainforests natural habitat.
Soil Requirement
The Philodendron rugosum needs a proper soil mix for it to thrive. Like most Aroids, a well-draining, fresh soil mix that is airy yet not too loose is suitable for this Philodendron. This is achieved by mixing the usual aroid mix with orchid bark, perlite, and peat.
This type of potting soil will help the plant provide good aeration to the roots and proper drainage since it prevents waterlogging.
There are a lot of issues that are initially caused by inefficient soil mix. Therefore, using the right potting mix for your Philodendron plant is necessary. Aside from the mixture above, you can also add charcoal or gravel to keep the soil acidity at optimum. Sphagnum moss is also a great addition to your plant mix.
The right soil acidity for rugosum is slightly acidic. You can obtain this by mixing the potting soil with one part orchid bark, one third orchard bark, on one third soil base.
Fertilizer Requirement
Plants require complete and adequate nutrition to maintain their healthy development. For Rugosum, once a month feeding in spring and summer is recommended. This is because they are actively growing during these times and benefit from prolific feeding.
However, during fall and winter, decrease the feeding frequency to every six to eight weeks.
Liquid organic fertilizer or slow-releasing nutrient rich fertilizer is the most acceptable type to use. Dilute them to half the strength to avoid chemical burn. Feed them after watering.
Space Requirement
The Pigskin Philodendron is quite a huge plant that can grow up to six to fifteen in height, depending on its environment. It is also a climbing plant, thus the need for something to let the plant grab onto. With this growth pattern, the plant requires larger space than most Philodendrons.
RELATED: 11 Frequently Asked Questions on How to Care for a Philodendron Birkin
Growing And Planting Tips
Propagation
There are many ways to propagate Rugosum. However, the most common method for Philodendron rugosum propagation that ensures a high success rate is through stem-cutting propagation. It can be done using water or directly to the soil.
To propagate using stem cuttings, choose a branch with at least one node. If aerial roots are present, it is a better option since they transform into normal roots when put into a growing medium. Put the cutting into the desired growing medium and allow it to develop roots for two weeks or more.
If you are using soil, make sure to mix your soil with vermiculite and moisten it before putting the cutting. On the other hand, if you are going via water propagation, choose a container with a proper size that the water will cover the node. Retain only two leaves in the stem and place them in a well-lit area.
Pruning
Pruning is not necessary for most Philodendrons. But if you want to control the growth and shape of your plant, prune it using a pair of clean, sharp scissors or even a knife.
You can prune your pigskin philodendron during the growing season to increase blooming success. This also helps direct any energy and nutrients toward the development of new foliage.
Potting And Repotting
Philodendrons tend to be fast growers. Check your plant every year for repotting. The presence of roots peeking out from the drainage holes is a good sign that your plant is ready to be placed in a larger pot.
Philodendron Rugosum Care
| Light | Bright indirect light, dappled shade |
| Temperature | Intermediate to warm, 55-90 degrees Fahrenheit |
| Water | Once a week, increased in summer, decreased in winter |
| Soil | Airy, well-draining soil; not too loose |
| Fertilization | Regular household fertilizer, once a month |
| Space | Plenty of space to climb |
| Propagation | Via stem cutting propagation |
| Blooming | Rarely blooms, enough sunlight and maturity needed |
| Pruning | Regular pruning |
| Potting | Regular potting mix, use of peat, charcoal, perlite and orchid bark is recommended |
RELATED: Philodendron camposportoanum: The #1 Care, Watering, and Propagation Guide
Problems And Troubleshooting
Overwatering
Overwatered Philodendrons usually have yellowing leaves. This is the first indicator and a warning sign that you need to rectify your watering frequency. It could also help if you check the soil of your plant. If the soil gets easily waterlogged, replace the soil with an airy and well-draining type to remedy the problem.
Check also the roots and see if it is rotting. Usually, overwatering is the main culprit of root rot. This is a severe problem for plants and needs to be remedied immediately.
Underwatering
Underwatered Philodendron rugosum usually has wrinkled leaves with brown and crispy edges and tips. In addition, dried-up and dead leaves are often seen at the bottom of the underwatered plants. Depending on the severity of the problem, this can be corrected by having the plant drenched in water and adjusting the watering schedule as needed.
Nutrient Deficiency
When a plant is not able to get the proper amount of essential nutrients necessary for growth and development, nutrient deficiency occurs. This is often characterized by stunted growth of roots and leaves, yellowing and browning of leaf tips and surfaces, and purplish hues, among many others.
If your plant shows any of these symptoms, feed your plant when necessary. Once a month feeding during spring and summer, and once every six to eight weeks during fall and winter is recommended to ensure proper nutrients are given to the plant.
Keep the soil pH at its optimum too to facilitate nutrient uptake.
Flowering Problems
Philodendrons rarely bloom and do not have a regular flowering season. However, to ensure that your plant blooms, maintain the right environment and feed it as necessary. Adequate sunlight is also very crucial as the genes responsible for flowering are light-activated.
Philodendron Rugosum Pests And Diseases
| Common Pests/Diseases | Symptoms | Treatment and Prevention |
Common diseases include crown rot, stem rot, root rot, leaf spot, fungal diseases, and Xanthomonas infection | Yellowish rimming around black or dark brown spots on leaves | Avoid overwatering. Keep soil dry. Avoid too high humidity.Proper ventilation is needed around the plant. Remove infected parts of fungal infections to avoid spreading |
| Common pests include mealybugs, spider mites, aphids, and scales | Visible insects on the surface | Spray plant with warm, soapy water. If infestation is present, use insecticide or neem oil. Use diatomaceous earth. |
Problems With People And Animals
Toxicity
Philodendron rugosum contains calcium oxalate crystals in their stems and leaves like all Aroid. These crystals are toxic when ingested and cause irritation and swelling to the throat.
In severe conditions, it could block the air passage, causing difficulty in breathing and swallowing. It can even lead to death in the worst situations. So it is crucial to keep them out of your children and pets.
Philodendron Plants Meaning And Symbolism
Many Philodendrons are grown as ornamental and indoor plants. The name derives from the Greek words Philo-, or “love, affection,” and dendron, or “tree.” With these translations, the plants symbolize affection and love for nature. They are good gifts to people who love nature and advocate for eco-friendly living. The plants also represent personal growth.
Philodendron leaves were used by Pablo Picasso in his work “Woman in the Garden”. The leaves are seen with the nymph Daphne in the artwork.
Philodendron Rugosum Symbolism And Meaning
| General Meaning | love of nature, passion for eco-friendly living |
| Symbolism | personal growth |
| Cultural Significance | used by Pablo Picasso in his work “Woman in the Garden” |
Landscaping And Gardening Ideas
Companion Plants
Philodendron rugosum is pretty durable and will pair nicely together with other Philodendrons. Pigskin philodendron plants should be grown among other Araceae family members because they all require the same level of care.
Philodendrons go well with other Philodendron plants. Consider using bird of paradise, areca palms, fire spike, heliconia, variegated arboricola, croton, chenille plant, and pentas to plant along with Rugosum. The colors of these plants, mainly warm oranges and reds, will complement the foliage color of Rugosum perfectly.
Landscaping Ideas
Medium-sized Philodendrons go well as accents inside a humid room or a cozy deck or patio. An entire plant can also be placed in the corner of the house or along the entryway. Outdoors, it can be a filler plant for a garden corner, in between palm trunks, or under tall trees. It can also be placed near pools to add even more tropical vibes as long as it won’t get splashed.
| What to plant with | Other Aroids, Bird of Paradise, Areca Palms, Fire Spike, Heliconia, Variegated Arboricola, Croton, Chenille Plant, Pentas |
| What NOT to plant with | Basically nothing |
Conclusion
Philodendron rugosum, also known as Pigskin Philodendron, is an unusual tropical plant with a unique texture that is definitely a great addition to your plant collection. It is also a low-maintenance plant that needs just enough of your time without demanding too much. It is a great piece to enhance your modern urban jungle inside your homes.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is Philodendron Rugosum Rare?
The Philodendron rugosum is a rare Philodendron species. In the wild, it is reported to be near threatened. However, due to popular demand, it has been grown in cultivation.
Is Philodendron Rugosum A Climber?
Yes. Philodendrons are climbers. They like to climb huge trees in the wild, hence their name, which means “tree huggers”. They are hemiepiphytes, so make sure to put a moss or a coir pole for them to climb on.
Does Philodendron Rugosum Need A Lot Of Sun?
Like most Philodendrons, your Rugosum needs a sufficient amount of bright indirect light to thrive. Direct sunlight is never recommended since their leaves will get burnt under it. However, dappled shade is also suitable for these plants.
What Temperature Can Philodendron Rugosum Tolerate?
The ideal temperature range for Pigskin Philodendron is between 55-90 degrees Fahrenheit. Below this range, your plant will have yellow leaves. On the other hand, your plant will get baked above this range.
How Do You Care For A Philodendron Rugosum?
Philodendron rugosum is a reasonably low-maintenance plant that does not demand too much care and attention. However, to properly care for it, ensure that proper light, temperature, humidity, and potting mix are given and used for it to thrive. Also, ensure proper feeding frequency as it needs adequate nutrition for development especially on its growing season.
Editor’s Recommendations
Do you like the Philodendron rugosum? Comment below. Also, check out our other articles:
Philodendron Spiritus Sancti: The Best and Complete Care, Watering, and Propagation Guide
Philodendron Splendid: The Fail-Proof Care, Propagation, and Watering Guide You Need
Philodendron verrucosum: The Number 1 Care, Propagation, and Watering Guide for This Velvety Plant
